Quantum Cryptography Protocols Ensuring Secure Communication in the Era of Quantum Computing

¹ Assistant Professor, Shrimathi Devkunvar Nanalal Bhatt Vaishnav College for Women, Chrompet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
² Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, MLR Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
³ Assistant professor in Department of Information Technology, Vasavi College of Engineering Hyderabad, Telangana, India
⁴ Assistant Professor, Department of CSE, Aditya University, Surumpalem, East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, India
⁵ Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering, A-4, Rohtak Road, Paschim Vihar, Delhi, India
⁶ Assistant Professor, Department of ECE, New Prince Shri Bhavani College of Engineering and Technology Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

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Abstract

Quantum cryptography has emerged as a revolutionary technology for ensuring secure communication in the era of quantum computing. While existing research primarily focuses on theoretical frameworks and small-scale experimental setups, significant challenges remain in practical implementation, scalability, and security vulnerabilities. This study aims to bridge the gap between theory and real-world deployment by developing robust quantum cryptographic protocols that address key challenges such as noise management, side-channel attacks, and Trojan horse attacks. Additionally, we propose an optimized quantum key distribution (QKD) mechanism that ensures secure communication over long distances under realistic conditions. Our research integrates post-quantum cryptography with quantum cryptographic techniques to provide a hybrid security model that is resilient against both classical and quantum computing threats. By leveraging commercially available quantum hardware and advanced randomness extraction methods, this study contributes to the development of scalable, secure, and efficient quantum communication networks. The findings of this research will play a crucial role in advancing secure digital communication systems and fortifying data security in the post-quantum era.